Why is Surgery Necessary in Severe Obesity?
The World Health Organization (WHO) defined obesity as “the condition that causes serious health problems as a result of excessive fat accumulation in the body that disrupts health”. While the body fat ratio of a normal-weight man is accepted as 20% on average and 25% in women, it is enough to increase this ratio by 5 points for both sides for the deterioration of health. In other words, we can say that this unhealthy situation starts when it is 25% for men and 30% for women.
The definition of severe obesity is defined according to the “Body Mass Index (BMI)” and divided into groups. BMI is obtained by dividing your body weight (in kilograms) by your height (in meters) twice. So your weight is 120 kilos, for example. Let your height be 1.60 meters. 90 / 1.6 = 56.25
56.25 / 1.60 = 35, according to the table below, you can see that you are at the upper limit of Stage 1 obesity.
BMI 25-30: It is considered as overweight. No intervention is required. Warnings are made, diet is recommended, and patient is informed about hazard.
BMI 30-35: Stage 1 Obese
BMI 35-40: Stage 2 Obese
BMI> 40: Stage 3 Obese; Morbid Obese
BMI> 50: Super Obese
BMI> 60: Super Super OBESE
BMI alone is not enough to understand the risks. Additional information can be obtained by looking at the waist-to-hip ratio. Weight gain zones differ in women and men. Women gain weight with the weight gain of the lower parts of the body, which is called the pear type, that is, the fat of the legs, thigh and buttocks. Men, on the other hand, gain weight with the lubrication of the upper part of the body called apple type, namely the upper abdomen and chest circumference of the waist region. The type of obesity is clarified by measuring waist-hips accordingly. Waist-hip circumference ratio should be less than 0.8 for women and less than 0.9 for men. The fact that the waist circumference is over 80 cm in women and 94 cm in men increases the risk of many diseases.
Stage 3 and above are the most serious stages of obesity-related disorders. Due to this they have been named as “Fatal Obesity”. These patients should seek expert opinion on surgical interventions without wasting time. If there is an coexisting disease in the BMI range of 35-40, obesity surgery may be recommended to patients suffering from Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart and circulatory disorders as well.
Obesity is not a disease that can only be explained by overeating. A wide variety of matters such as family history, environmental factors, stress factors can take a person beyond these weight limits. Obesity is a very important health hazard that needs to be handled urgently, for whatever reason. First of all, it is Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, it is the starting point of dozens of diseases that prevent you from living your life normally, such as cardiovascular diseases (such as arteriosclerosis, circulatory disorders, excessive load every second on the heart), gallbladder diseases, joint disorders. For this reason, it shoulde be intervened with very important and time-consuming permanent and effective techniques.
Since the method you will choose will change your life entirely, it needs to be researched very well. Medical literature states that closed surgery, namely “Laparoscopic Surgery”, is the most effective, safe and fast recovery method. In closed surgery, there are types according to the patient type. Among these, the prominent treatment methods are “Tube Stomach (Sleeve Gastrectomy), Gastric Bypass (Roux En Y or RNY), Intra Gastric Balloon Application, Gastric Band and Stomach Botox”.
